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POLYAMINE system, MAOIs, SAMe, AGMATINE!

Posted by desolationrower on March 31, 2009, at 2:49:50

POLY AMINE SYSTEM

look at this paper, fulltext at http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2265312
very interesting, i had seen some of this before but seeing the first chart really puts things easy to understand. Substrates are ornithine and agmatine. agmatine is described in the paper, but it looks like it has anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. and, phenelzine increases ornithine levels in the brain. Also, i think maois decrease SAMe levels, and there are some amine oxidases besides mao that some maois inhibit, not sure if any inhibit polyamine oxidase. ALSo, monoamine oxidase is a ligand for imidazoline 2 receptors, and agmatine binds to i1 receptors, like clonidine, which potentiates MAOI antidepressant effect, through not entirely clarified means...puzzles. also look at these;

Influence of SAMe on the modifications of brain polyamine levels in an animal model of depression
Genedani, SusannaCA; Saltini, Sabrina; Benelli, Augusta; Filaferro, Monica; Bertolini, Alfio
Received 28 September 2001; accepted 9 October 2001
Abstract
The mechanism(s) of the antidepressant activity of S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) have not yet been elucidated. SAMe is essential for the synthesis of polyamines, which have a key role in protein synthesis, cell proliferation, and neuronal plasticity. On the other hand, accumulating data indicate that depression is associated with a reduction in regional brain volume and that antidepressants increase neurogenesis in defined brain regions and also influence neuronal plasticity. Here we show that in a validated rat model of depression (chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced anhedonia) there is a significant reduction of putrescine, spermidine and spermine in the hippocampus, and of only putrescine in the nucleus accumbens septi. SAMe, at a fully antidepressant dose (300 mg/kg i.m., daily for 7 days), completely restores the levels of putrescine in the nucleus accumbens, and restores in part the levels of both spermidine and spermine in the hippocampus. These results may suggest (i) a role for brain polyamines in depression and in reward processes, and (ii) that the antidepressant effect of SAMe may be due, at least in part, to a normalization of putrescine levels in the nucleus accumbens septi.

other ideas for how SAMe works: increases monoamine synthesis, or restoring phospholipid methylation which improves g protein-coupled recoptor coupling & density.

and if SAMe is too expensive, remember most goes to production of creatine, so methylators like methylcobalimin and methylfolate and TMG, plus creatine, are a cheap substitute which may work.

 

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poster:desolationrower thread:887847
URL: http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/20090330/msgs/887847.html